Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, , Mohr, ; repr. Hildesheim: Georg Olms, Stenger ed. Because Gregory formulated his theological positions most systematically in the five so-called Theological Orations he delivered in Constantinople in , these orations form the basis of scholarly scrutiny of his theology.
Jones eds. Williams eds. Thus, I follow all other scholars of Gregory in trying to relate his orations to an actual period of composition, which is to say that I take his Orations 2 and 4 to express the views he held between and The Elder had signed the homoian document of , a signature that had caused disarray among his followers to the degree that the leaders of those who opposed him had been ordained as counter-bishops, prob- ably by Lucifer of Calaris, travelling back from Antioch where he had just ordained Paulinus.
The Libyan Sabellius has led the first, Arius the Alexandrian the second, and the third is led by some among us who are too orthodox. These were persons, I assume, who gave too much power to each hypostasis without respecting what Gregory considered essential, namely the proper internal hierarchy of Father, Son, and Spirit in the one Trinity.
Sabellius stands for teachings privileging the supremacy of the Father, including those of Marcellus of Ancyra and Photinus. Markschies eds. As Son, Christ is a different entity. Though of equal dignity, his relation to the father is nevertheless one of a hierarchical ordering, in which the Son is below the Father.
The Logos has assumed human form or. Christ is deeply united with the Father and has only one nature ; he is not God and in addition a human being. Consequently, Julian, the anthropos entheos who rejected the sole being that could provide true affiliation with God because of his divinity, the Logos, in favor of his own fraudulent charlatans such as Empedocles , also proved to have been a mere charla- tan on the throne. The same argument holds against Eunomius.
Gregory develops these themes more fully later. Ambassador Sondland said that he wanted to go to lunch. I told Ambassador Sondland that I would be happy to join if he wanted to brief me on his meeting with Mr. Yermak or discuss other issues, and Ambassador Sondland said that I should join.
The two staffers joined for lunch as well. The four of us went to a nearby restaurant and sat on an outdoor terrace. I sat directly across from Ambassador Sondland and the two staffers sat off to our sides. At first, the lunch was largely social. Ambassador Sondland selected a bottle of wine that he shared among the four of us, and we discussed topics such as marketing strategies for his hotel business.
During the lunch, Ambassador Sondland said that he was going to call President Trump to give him an update. Ambassador Sondland placed a call on his mobile phone, and I heard him announce himself several times, along the lines of "Gordon Sondland holding for the President.
I then noticed Ambassador Sondland's demeanor change and understood that he had been connected to President Trump. While Ambassador Sondland's phone was not on speakerphone, I could hear the President's voice through the earpiece of the phone. The President's voice was very loud and recognizable, and Ambassador Sondland held the phone away from his ear for a period of time, presumably because of the loud volume. I heard Ambassador Sondland greet the President and explain that he was calling from Kyiv.
Ambassador Sondland replied, yes, he was in Ukraine, and went on to state that President Zelenskyy "loves your ass. I believe that my colleagues who were sitting at the table also knew that Ambassador Sondland was speaking with the President. The conversation then shifted to Ambassador Sondland's efforts, on behalf of the President, to assist a rapper who was jailed in Sweden, and I could only hear Ambassador Sondland's side of that part of the conversation.
Ambassador Sondland told the President that the rapper was "kind of fd there," and "should have pled guilty. After the call ended, Ambassador Sondland remarked that the President was in a bad mood, as Ambassador Sondland stated was often the case early in the morning. I then took the opportunity to ask Ambassador Sondland for his candid impression of the President's views on Ukraine.
In particular, I asked Ambassador Sondland if it was true that the President did not "give a s—t about Ukraine. Giuliani was pushing. The conversation then moved on to other topics.
Upon returning to the Embassy, I immediately told the Deputy Chief of Mission and others at the Embassy about the call with the President and my conversation with Ambassador Sondland. I also emailed an Embassy official in Sweden regarding the issue with the U.
July 26 was my last day in the office ahead of a planned vacation that ended on August 6. I also repeatedly referred to the call and conversation with Ambassador Sondland in meetings and conversations where the issue of the President's interest in Ukraine was potentially relevant. At that time, Ambassador Sondland's statement of the President's lack of interest in Ukraine was of particular focus. We understood that in order to secure a meeting between President Trump and President Zelenskyy, we would have to work hard to find a way to explain Ukraine's importance to President Trump in terms that he found compelling.
Over the ensuing weeks, we continued to try to identify ways to frame the importance of Ukraine in ways that would appeal to the President and to try to move forward on the scheduling of a White House visit by President Zelenskyy. Ukrainian Independence Day is August 24 and presented a good opportunity to show support for Ukraine. Secretary Pompeo had considered attending National Security Advisor Bolton attended in and Defense Secretary Mattis attended in , but in the end nobody senior to Ambassador Volker attended.
Ambassador Bolton told Mr. Bohdan that the meeting between the presidents in Warsaw would be "crucial to cementing their relationship. Giuliani's influence with the President, making clear there was nothing he could do about it. Lutsenko, open a channel with Attorney General Barr in place of Mr. Yermak's channel with Mr. He also expressed frustration about Ambassador Sondland's expansive interpretation of his mandate, musing that he should ask his staff to confirm that the mandate of the U.
Ambassador to the European Union was limited to the European Union and had no authority with the individual member states, let alone non-members like Ukraine. Ambassador Bolton further indicated the hold on security assistance would not be lifted prior to the Warsaw meeting, where it would hang on whether President Zelenskyy was able to "favorably impress" President Trump.
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Zachary Basu. He testified that he attempted to persuade the president and Giuliani against having a negative view on Ukraine, and defended Biden as "a man of integrity. Volker is one of the first Trump officials to testify in the House impeachment inquiry against Trump. House committees are examining whether Trump sought to gain information on his political rival, Biden, from Ukraine. Cookie banner We use cookies and other tracking technologies to improve your browsing experience on our site, show personalized content and targeted ads, analyze site traffic, and understand where our audiences come from.
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